Production of phytohormones in the early stages of infection and antifungal metabolites in late stages suppose that they are implicated in this response. dahliae suggest a role of PR-10 genes in the defense response against this pathogen. The induction of several PR-10 genes upon infection of strawberry plants with V. IAA and JA were the sole hormones to be ascertained in infected roots at late stages. Production of abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid (JA), gibberellic acid and indole acetic acid (IAA) was induced in infected leaves and stems at early stages. Accumulation of antifungal catechin and epicatechin was detected upon pathogen infection in roots and stems at late stages, while caffeic acid and citric acid were observed only in infected roots. Interestingly, two isoforms were expressed upon infection in all three tissues (leaves, roots and stems) while no induction was detected for two other members. A simultaneously induced expression in leaves and roots was detected for five PR-10 genes. Four PR-10 genes were highly induced in leaves upon pathogen infection while eight members were significantly up-regulated in roots. The expression patterns of the 21 isoforms showed a wide range of responses. × ananassa plants upon pathogen infection. × ananassa, the expression patterns of 21 PR-10 genes were investigated by qPCR analysis and metabolite changes were determined by LC-MS in in vitro F. dahliae on the growth and development of F. To enhance our understanding of the effects of V. The soil-borne vascular pathogen Verticillium dahliae causes severe wilt symptoms in a wide range of plants including strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa).
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